Designing for two seasons: staying cool in the rains and the harmattan

October 28, 2026 · 1 min read · Green Building
Designing for two seasons: staying cool in the rains and the harmattan

Two very different seasons

In much of Nigeria the year is split between a rainy season, with heavy storms and humid heat, and a dry season, with harmattan dust and dry air. Many buildings are designed for one and suffer in the other.

For the rainy season

  • Keep water out. Roof overhangs, good gutters and raised floors protect walls and foundations.
  • Let air move. Cross ventilation reduces the damp, sticky feeling and helps prevent mould.
  • Drain well. Slope the compound away from the building and keep drains clear.

For the dry season and harmattan

  • Control dust. Windows and doors that close properly help, and so do planted screens around the compound.
  • Shade the sun. The sun can be harsh between harmattan spells, so keep roof and west-facing walls protected.
  • Watch the cool nights. Nights can feel cooler, so rooms with adjustable vents and shutters stay comfortable.

Features that work all year

  1. Light-coloured roof with ventilated space under it
  2. Adjustable openings, such as louvres and windows that open fully and close tightly
  3. Trees and planting on the sunny sides
  4. Floors and walls that dry out quickly after rain

Planning a home or school?

Ask your designer how the building will behave in each season, not only on a sunny day. We are happy to review your plans. Write to contact@autobillconst.com.

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